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Call types of the small-eared greater galago (Otolemur garnettii)

Supplement

Bettridge, C.M., Kenworthy, S.P., Butynski, T.M., De Jong, Y.A. &  De Kort, S.R. 2019. Vocal repertoire and intraspecific variation within loud calls of the small-eared greater galago (Otolemur garnettii) in Tanzania and Kenya. Folia Primatologica 90(5). 

Recordings by the authors.

Call Name Call Description Example
Squawk Single or double hat-shaped unit loud calls. Second unit often brief. Often given as single repeated units with uniform pauses of >1 second.
Choral Repeated Squawk Two or more squawk units with long pauses between an individual’s bout. Overlaps with squawks from at least one other individual.
Clustered Squawk Two or more squawk units with short (<1 second) interunit pauses. Can be irregularly spaced. Often precedes a repeated squawk. Can induce a trailing call from another individual (ca. 8% of recorded cases).
Trailing Call Rapid series of loud notes, trailing towards the end. Often fluctuates in frequency within a unit. Often starts with one or two low and slow units, building in intensity towards a peak and trailing away towards the end. Often with more notes at the end. Can be repeated. Can induce a responsive trailing call from another individual (ca. 50% of recorded cases).
Creak Units of short duration, repeated in regularly spaced intervals.
Knock Units of short duration, repeated in regularly spaced intervals. More defined structure than creaks (tent-shaped).
Cackle Series of drawn-out descending notes. Sometimes containing multiple notes per unit.
Chatter Undulating in pitch, often high. Not a consistent and distinguishable call type. Appears to be a random mix of cackles, knocks, creaks and squawks.
Zipping Call Rapidly ascending and descending calls. More consistent than chatter.
Moans/ Groans Low pitch rumbling notes between other calls.
Squeal High pitch notes, inconsistent in structure.  

Small-eared greater galago Otolemur garnettii, Voo, Kenya. Photograph by Yvonne A. de Jong & Tom M. Butynski.